Horse Illustrated Magazine

Ah,that elusive perfection! Hunter and jumper riders spend years perfecting their position in the saddle, acknowledging the links between form and function and between a visually appealing picture and an effective ride. But what is the less than perfect rider to do? How can stubborn bad habits be conquered?

Professional trainer, instructor and United States Equestrian Federation “R” judge Julie Winkel offered her insights from Indio, Calif., the winter quarters for her farm, Maplewood Inc. The rest of the year she trains and teaches from her home base in Reno, Nev. Judging since 1984, Julie has officiated at some of America’s major horse shows, such as Devon, Harrisburg, the Hampton Classic and Upperville. Here are three less than perfect positions Julie frequently observes, and how she recommends improving them. 

Be Still, Oh Swinging Leg
A strong, quiet leg allows you to remain in balance with your horse while a loose lower leg makes for an insecure seat in the saddle. The flaw is more exaggerated when jumping. Because a loose, swinging lower leg cannot communicate with the horse, you’ll rely on your hands to do most of the work. Typically, you will perch atop your horse by clenching with your thighs and pivoting on your knee. At the moment of takeoff, your heels come up, and your lower leg swings far behind the girth. Bereft of your lower leg, your source of balance is in your hands, which are either planted on the horse’s neck or gripping firmly to the reins.

“This is an unsafe position,” Julie explains, “because it puts the rider ahead of the horse. Not only does it undermine the rider’s security, it puts the horse out of balance upon landing, which could cause him to stumble or at least force him to speed up to recover his balance. Plus, if the rider’s lower leg slips back and bumps the horse, this results in a clashing of the aids.” As a final note of caution for riders of the swinging leg variety, Julie adds, “It can really set off a sensitive horse.”

Julie prescribes the following exercise to remedy the less than perfect leg. By using an open rein (sometimes called a leading rein) for controlled turns over two low jumps, you learn that you can’t use your hands as a crutch. Without the artificial security, you must keep your lower leg in its proper place to maintain your balance, or you’ll fall forward. By being forced to use an open rein, where the hand is held away from the horse’s neck, you must maintain a correct leg position or you’ll teeter awkwardly. To practice this, Julie says to set two cross-rails placed relative to each other at slightly more than a 90-degree angle (picture the hands of a clock at 8:00). Approach the first cross-rail in a straight line at the trot, keeping the horse ahead of your leg and wait for a quiet take-off distance. Don’t anticipate the jump by getting ahead of the motion. As the horse leaves the ground, concentrate on pushing down into your heels while using an inside open rein to turn the horse to the left toward the next cross-rail. Then approach the second jump in the same manner as the first. This time, however, use a right open rein to roll back to the first jump, completing a figure-eight pattern. Besides learning not to rush the jumping effort, you’ll begin to get a feel for what it’s like to take away the horse’s neck as a balance beam.

“Also,” Julie points out, “both legs are forced into the correct position in order to make effective turns in the figure-eight pattern. The rider must use the outside leg (slightly behind the girth) to prevent the horse from bulging to the outside of the turn and the inside leg (at the girth) to prevent the horse from falling to the inside.”  

Straighten Up that Sloppy Posture
Today’s hectic pace of life forces many equestrians to schedule ride time after business hours. By the end of a long day at the office, some riders might lack the physical fortitude to sit tall in the saddle. But when it becomes a habit, sloppy posture ruins a rider’s appearance and thwarts an effective performance.

According to Julie, a rounded back and slouched shoulders are usually linked to a rider’s downward gaze. By looking down (often at the horse), the rider’s shoulders correspondingly roll forward. Then the back softens and becomes rounded like a turtle’s shell. The general impression is that of a weak rider hovering over the horse’s back, forever ahead of the horse’s motion.

“Again, riding ahead of the motion is never a safe place to be,” Julie says. If a horse should take a misstep or suddenly refuse a jump, inertia will catapult the rider out of the saddle. “It can also cause a horse to land heavy on his front end,” she adds. That can cost a rail when the horse drops a hind leg, and it could also cause a fateful stumble.

“Exercises that involve eye control will help correct this position flaw,” Julie explains. She recommends a series of bounces (jumps with less than a full stride in between), concentrating on a focal point, which will help you stay in the proper position. With eyes focused on a distant object in line with the series of jumps, your posture improves.

To set up the bounce jumps, Julie recommends arranging a series of four low jumps, so you can approach the exercise at the trot. The optimum grid is a ground pole to a cross-rail, then three verticals, each gradually higher. “Place a ground pole 8 feet in front of the first cross-rail,” she explains. “Then go to 9 feet from that cross-rail to the first vertical, then 10 feet between the next two verticals.”
There should be a definite focal point at the end of the grid. Your instructor, a cone or a landmark will serve to keep your eyes up rather than staring down at your horse or the jumps. Due to the measurements between the jumps, the horse will feel as if he’s bouncing over the obstacles. This will encourage you to maintain the proper upper body posture and keep you from bouncing out of the saddle.

Get Out of the Chair Seat
Most hunt-seat judges have a score sheet icon to denote what’s euphemistically referred to as “the chair seat.” This position flaw resembles precisely what the term implies: You look as if you’re sitting in a chair rather than a saddle. Despite the bolt upright posture, your weight is entirely on your seat bones, your thighs approach the horizontal, and your feet are thrust ahead of the girth. The chair seat is, in some ways, the opposite of riding ahead of the horse. Here, you are perpetually behind the motion of the horse, forever pushing the horse forward and faster.

“I’ve run across this problem with riders who have come from a dressage background where they have been taught to drive the horse forward with their seat,” Julie remarks. “That’s probably the most detrimental side effect of the chair seat: The rider uses the seat as the primary driving aid instead of the leg.”

According to Julie, the chair seat can create even more problems over jumps because the rider is behind the motion of the horse. “You have to play catch up at the jump by throwing your body forward just as the horse is trying to balance himself as he leaves the ground.”
To remedy the chair seat symptoms, Julie uses a simple exercise that forces these riders to assume the correct jumping position. “I have them work over a series of four cavalletti poles set 41⁄2 feet apart, riding to them at a rising trot, then sinking into the light seat (similar to the classic two-point) and holding that position through the poles. This exercise continues by elevating the cavalletti poles gradually.”

Although trotting through cavalletti seems simple, it’s a difficult assignment for someone struggling to climb out of the chair seat. Often your first impulse is to plop down into the saddle and “bump” with the seat in an effort to help your horse over the cavalletti. Only when it becomes second nature to ride with the motion of your horse should you continue on to cantering courses. It may take a while, but with the guidance of a patient instructor, practice does fix the less than perfect position.

Learn correct seats for riding hunters and jumpers.
Fix your hand position faults.

Cindy Hale is the author of Riding for the Blue and A Passion for Horses.